The TARDBP gene encodes the TDP-43 protein, initially found to repress HIV-1 transcription by binding TAR DNA. TDP-43 has since been shown to bind RNA as well as DNA, and have multiple functions in transcriptional repression, translational regulation and pre-mRNA splicing. For instance, it is reported to regulate alternate splicing of the CTFR gene. In 2006 Neumann et al. found that hyperphosphorylated, ubiquitinated and/or cleaved forms of TDP-43, collectively known as pathological TDP-43, play a major role in the disease mechanisms of ubiquitin-positive, tau- and alpha-synuclein-negative frontotemporal dementia (FTLD-U) and in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Proteintech"s 10782-2-AP antibody is a rabbit polyclonal antibody recognizing N-terminal TDP-43. It recognizes the intact 43 kDa protein as well as all posttranslationally modified and truncated forms in multiple applications.Various forms of TDP-43 exist, including 18-35 kDa of cleaved C-terminal fragments, 45-50 kDa phospho-protein, 55 kDa glycosylated form, 75 kDa hyperphosphorylated form, and 90-300 kDa cross-linked form. (17023659, 19823856, 21666678, 22193176) Recently TDP-43 has been reported to be overexpressed in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and it may be a potential target for TNBC diagnosis and drug design. (29581274)